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Millions of people worldwide are affected due to motor vehicle accidents. The rate of accidents in India is a problem of concern. The number of road accident deaths per day in 2013 was 360 and it increased to 405 in 2017. These numbers translate to 17 road accident deaths occurred per hour and are increasing. Head on collision, hit from back and hit and run are some of the classifications of accidents. The vehicle density (number of vehicles per KM of road) was 1.18 in 1970 and was 41.05 in 2016 and is increasing rapidly. In 2016, ‘hit from back’ contributed to 12.3% of total accidents and it increased to 16.7% in 2017. The constant increase of vehicle density is one of the key factors in increase of ‘hit from back’ type of collision (Road Accidents in India, 2017).

As per Ministry of Road Transport, Government of India, the number of ‘hit from back’ accidents increased by 31.2% in 2017. The number of persons killed in ‘hit from back’ accidents increased by 40.05% and is increasing. The increase in vehicle density results in lesser reaction time for vehicles. The ‘hit from back’ accidents can be reduced by increasing the response time window for the following vehicle.

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  • In India, one road accident death occurs every 3.5 minutes.
  • 417 road accident deaths per day.
  • This number is increasing at a rapid pace (Road Accidents in India, 2017).
  • An increase in rear-end collisions can be observed.
  • A mechanism is designed to indicate the deceleration of vehicle before applying the brakes.
  • The onset of this deceleration mechanism will give additional reaction time for the drivers at the rear end.
  • Driving is a complex task, which requires coordination physical and cognitive abilities.
  • As per Road Transport Safety wing, Government of India, the following are different types of road accidents that occur:
    • Head on collision
    • Hit from back
    • Hit pedestrian
    • Hit from side
    • Vehicle overturn
    • Run off the road
    • Hit fixed object
    • Hit with parked vehicles
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